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Effects of Captopril and Enalapril on Zinc Metabolism in Hypertensive Patients

Department of Internal Medicine "A", Internal Medicine "F" (N.C.), Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, affiliated with the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, ISRAEL
Department of Nephrology (S.B., J.W.), Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, affiliated with the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, ISRAEL

Address reprint requests to: Ahuva Golik, MD, Department of Internal Medicine "A", Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, 70300 Zerifin, ISRAEL.

Objective: To investigate the effects of chronic captopril and enalapril treatment on zinc metabolism in hypertensive patients by assessing zinc levels in serum, urine and monocytes.

Methods: Patients with newly diagnosed essential hypertension were randomly divided into two treatment groups: those treated with captopril only (n=16) and those treated with enalapril only (n=18). Ten healthy subjects served as controls. Prior to the start of treatment and again 6 months later, zinc was assessed in the serum, in urine collected over 24 hours, and in peripheral blood monocytes.

Results: Significant enhancement of 24-hour urinary zinc excretion (µg/24 hour) after 6 months of treatment was observed only in the captopril-treated group (p<0.01). However, intramonocytic zinc levels decreased significantly in both of the treated groups over the same period (p<0.01 and p<0.04 in the captopril- and enalapril-treated groups, respectively).

Conclusion: Treatment of hypertensive patients with captopril or enalapril may result in zinc deficiency.

Key words: ACE inhibitors, zinc metabolism, hypertension

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