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Journal of the American College of Nutrition, Vol. 18, No. 90005, 392S-397S (1999)
Published by the American College of Nutrition

Vitamin D, Calcium and Prevention of Breast Cancer: A Review

Martin Lipkin, MD and Harold L. Newmark, DSc

Weill Medical College of Cornell University, Strang Cancer Research Laboratory at The Rockefeller University, New York (M.L.)
Rutgers University, New Jersey (H.L.N.)

Address reprint requests to: Martin Lipkin, M.D., Strang Cancer Research Laboratory, Rockefeller University, 1230 York Ave., New York, NY 10021-6007.

Several recent epidemiologic and experimental studies have suggested that decreased calcium and vitamin D intake and high dietary fat are associated with mammary gland carcinogenesis. Complete reduction or elimination of human exposure to environmental factors such as high-fat diets is inherently difficult to implement. Recent studies have begun to evaluate a possible role for increased dietary calcium and vitamin D in reducing the risk of colonic and mammary cancers, even in the presence of a high-fat diet. Studies from our laboratory recently found that decreased dietary calcium and vitamin D in a high-fat diet induced adverse changes in the mammary gland and several other organs, which were reversed by increasing dietary calcium and vitamin D; the findings further suggest a possible role for increased dietary calcium and vitamin D in the chemoprevention of these cancers.

Key words: breast cancer, calcium, vitamin D, chemoprevention, diet




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