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Effects of Dietary Intake of Soy Protein and Isoflavones on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in High Risk, Middle-Aged Men in Scotland

Department of Preventive Nutritional Medicine, Research Institute for Production Development (M.S.)
Graduate School of Human & Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, (T.K., M.N.)
WHO Collaborating Center for Research on Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kyoto (Y.Y.), Fujicco Co., Ltd., Kobe (T.T.), JAPAN
Wigan and Bolton Health Authority, Directorate of Public Health, Wigan (N.B., C.B.), SCOTLAND, HSMC
Department of Public Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (L.A.), ENGLAND

Address reprint requests to: Yukio Yamori, MD, PhD, FACN, WHO Collaborating Center for Research on Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kokusaikenju Bldg, 86, Shimobanba-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 6068431, JAPAN. E-mail: Yukio.Yamori{at}ma3.seikyou.ne.jp

Objective: To investigate the effects of soy protein and isoflavones on blood pressure (BP) and cholesterol levels among high risk middle-aged Scottish men.

Design: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group dietary intervention study

Setting: Inhabitants on Isles of Lewis and Harris in Scotland

Subjects: Sixty-one men with relatively higher BP and/or total cholesterol (TC) levels aged 45 to 59 went through the dietary intervention.

Intervention: Diets containing at least 20 g of soy protein and 80 mg of isoflavones were compared to the placebo diets. Intervention period was 5 weeks duration.

Results: Significant difference was found in 24-hour urinary isoflavone excretion between the two groups after intervention. Significant reductions from the baselines were observed in systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP), TC and non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) in the soy-containing diet group, but not in the olive oil containing active placebo group. Significant increases in high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were observed in both groups.

Conclusion: Dietary intakes of soy protein (at least 20 g) and isoflavones (at least 80 mg) for 5 weeks would be effective in reducing CHD risk among high-risk, middle-aged men.

Key words: soy protein, isoflavone, blood pressure, cholesterol, middle-aged, men

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