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Does -Tocopherol Play a Role in the Primary Prevention of Heart Disease and Cancer? A Review

Jean Mayer United States Department of Agriculture, Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts (M.D., P.F.J.)
Department of Nutrition and Food Management, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon (M.G.T.)
School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento (C.E.C)
School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley (Y.H., G.B.), California

Address reprint requests to: Marion Dietrich, Ph.D., JM USDA HNRCA at Tufts University, Nutritional Epidemiology, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111. E-mail: Marion.Dietrich{at}tufts.edu

ABSTRACT

Vitamin E consists of a group of eight isomers, four tocopherols (-, ß-, -, -tocopherol) and four tocotrienols (-, ß-, -, -tocotrienol). While extensive literature has been published on the potential health benefits of -tocopherol, little is known about -tocopherol, the major form of vitamin E in food in the U.S. -tocopherol has recently received more research attention based on findings from in vitro and animal studies indicating that it has potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Based on these recent studies, it is important to investigate the possible health benefits of -tocopherol in humans. In this article, we review publications on dietary -tocopherol intake, plasma -tocopherol levels, cardiovascular disease and cancer risk in humans.

Key words: -tocopherol, anti-inflammatory effects, dietary vitamin E, plasma -tocopherol, human cardiovascular disease, cancer

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