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Effect of Low Dose Antioxidant Vitamin and Trace Element Supplementation on the Urinary Concentrations of Thromboxane and Prostacyclin Metabolites

SFERETE (Société Francophone d'Etudes et de Recherche sur les Eléments Toxiques et Essentiels) (J.A., M.B., D.V., H.F., S.H., A.-M.R, P.C.)
Département de Biologie Intégrée, CHU de Grenoble, Grenoble (J.A., H.F.), INSERM, U884, Grenoble, F-38000
Univ Grenoble, Grenoble, F-38000 (J.A., A.-M.R)
Trace Elément-Institut pour l'UNESCO, Le Condorcet, Lyon (M.B.), Laboratoire d'Analyse de Traces, Fédération de Biochimie, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon (M.B.)
Laboratoire de Biochimie A, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris (D.V.)
Unité d'Evaluation Médicale, CHU de Grenoble, Grenoble (J.L.), UMR U557 Inserm
U1125 Inra; Cnam; Paris 13 - CRNH d'lle de France - SMBH, Bobigny (P.G., S.H.)
Laboratoire d'Hémostase, Pavillon E, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon (J.-C.B.)
Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris (P.C.), FRANCE

Address correspondence to: Josiane Arnaud, Département de Biologie Intégrée, CHU de Grenoble, BP 217, 38043 Grenoble cedex 9, France. E-mail: JArnaud{at}chu-grenoble.fr

Objective: This trial evaluated the effect of antioxidant supplementation on the urinary excretion of 11-dehydro TXB₂/2,3 dinor 6 keto PGF₁ ratio, a marker of the pathogenesis of thrombosis and arteriosclerosis.

Methods: This study was a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving 186 presumably healthy volunteers. One hundred received a multi-antioxidant supplementation and 86 a placebo for two years. Blood zinc, selenium, beta-carotene, vitamin C and E and urinary excretion of 11-dehydro TXB₂ and 2,3 dinor 6 keto PGF₁ were measured.

Results: Baseline subject characteristics did not differ between the two groups. Blood zinc, selenium, and beta-carotene concentrations significantly increased between baseline and two years in the multi-antioxidant supplementation group supporting subject compliance (p < 0.05). At two years, the median urinary 11-dehydro TXB₂/2,3 dinor 6 keto PGF₁ ratio was significantly lower in the multi-antioxidant supplementation group (3.4 versus 2.78, p = 0.015). Serum selenium concentration was the only antioxidant studied that was significantly related to the urinary 11-dehydro TXB₂/2,3 dinor 6 keto PGF₁ ratio.

Conclusions: These results support the hypothesis that a low-dose multi-antioxidant supplementation may contributes to a reduction in platelet activation which is beneficial for cardiovascular function.

Key words: antioxidant, vitamins, trace elements, thromboxane, prostaglandins

Abbreviations: BMI = body mass index • EDTA = ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid • GPX = glutathion peroxidase • NaCl = sodium chloride • PG = prostaglandin • PRP = platelet-rich plasma • SD = standard deviation • Se = selenium • SU.VI.M.AX = supplémentation en vitamines et minéraux antioxydants • T0 = at baseline • T2 = after 2 years • TX = thromboxane • Zn = zinc