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Comparative Effects of Chromium, Vanadium and Gymnema Sylvestre on Sugar-Induced Blood Pressure Elevations in SHR

Department of Medicine, Nephrology (H.G.P., S.T.J.), Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
Institute Biomolecular Nutrition (R.S.), Eugene, Oregon; New York City
Eugene, Oregon; New York City (S.L.)
US Department of Agriculture (R.A.A.), Agriculture Research Service, Beltsville Human Nutrition Center, Beltsville, Maryland

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Study #1. Mean±SEM of BW of 6 SHR in five groups. Symbols for each are as follows: closed circle-Starch, closed squares-Sucrose, open squares-Sucrose+chromium, open circles-Sucrose+ BMOV, and open diamonds-Sucrose+G. sylvestre. Only values for BMOV are significantly different from other groups.

View larger version (23K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Study #1. Mean±SEM of SBP of six SHR. Each variation of the sucrose diet is shown individually along with data from SHR consuming the starch and sucrose diets. Chromium data are depicted in upper figure, vanadium data in middle figure, and G. sylvestre data in lower figure. Open circles beside points indicate a significant difference from sucrose group.

View larger version (37K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Study #1. Mean±SEM for TBARS formation in liver and kidney tissue of five different dietary groups. Open circle indicates significant difference from starch group, and open square indicates significant difference from sucrose group.

View larger version (24K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Study #2. Mean±SEM for BW of eight SHR in six dietary groups is depicted. Symbols representing different dietary groups are as follows: closed circles-Starch, closed squares-Sucrose, open squares-Sucrose+BMOV 0.01, open circles-Sucrose+BMOV 0.03, open diamonds-Sucrose+BMOV 0.06, and open triangles-Sucrose+Vanadyl Sulfate 0.06.

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Study #2. Mean±SEM of SBP of eight SHR is depicted. Symbols representing different dietary groups are as follows: closed circles-Starch, closed squares-Sucrose, open squares-Sucrose+BMOV 0.01, open circles-Sucrose+BMOV 0.03, open diamond-Sucrose+ BMOV 0.06, and open triangle-Sucrose+Vanadyl Sulfate 0.06.

View larger version (36K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Data were used from four separate studies performed over 2 to 3 months. The third set of bars depict data from present study. First white bar depicts SBP of rats receiving all carbohydrate calories from starch (52%). Second dark gray bar depicts diets containing either sucrose (52%) or sucrose (18%)—starch (34%). Third light gray bar depicts same second diet plus chromium polynicotinate at the concentration indicated below figure. Percent under bars signifies percent of calories derived from carbohydrate in second and third diets, either 18% from sucrose with rest made up by starch or sucrose 52%. PPM under bars indicates concentration of chromium polynicotinate added to sucrose diets signified by last gray bar. Circle above bar indicates statistical significance vs. first bar (starch) in each set.