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Decreasing, Null and Increasing Effects of Eight Popular Types of Ginseng on Acute Postprandial Glycemic Indices in Healthy Humans: The Role of Ginsenosides

Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto (J.L.S., L.A.L., V.V.), CANADA
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (J.T.A.), CANADA

View larger version (39K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Differential effects of eight types of ginseng on postprandial plasma glucose: The line plots and bars in the array represent the incremental change and area under the curve (AUC) for the mean of two identical placebos (•) or one of eight of the most popular ginseng types, Sanchi, Siberian, American, Asian, Asian-red, Japanese-rhizome, American-wild, or Vietnamese [wild] ginseng, () administered at a dose of 3 g 40-min before a 75g-OGTT in 12 healthy nondiabetic subjects (sex: 6m:6f, age: 34 ± 3 y, BMI: 25.8 ± 1.2 kg/m2). Asterisks indicate that points or bars for ginseng are significantly different from placebo (p < 0.05, one-way repeated measures ANOVA with non-orthogonal contrasts). AUC data were logarithmically transformed for statistical analyses to normalize their distribution. Data are mean ± SEM.

View larger version (37K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Differential effects of eight types of ginseng on postprandial plasma insulin: The line plots and bars in the array represent the incremental change and area under the curve (AUC) for the mean of two identical placebos (•) or one of eight of the most popular ginseng types, Sanchi, Siberian, American, Asian, Asian-red, Japanese-rhizome, American-wild, or Vietnamese [wild] ginseng, () administered at a dose of 3 g 40-min before a 75g-OGTT in 12 healthy nondiabetic subjects (sex: 6m:6f, age: 34 ± 3 y, BMI: 25.8 ± 1.2 kg/m2). Asterisks indicate that points or bars for ginseng are significantly different from placebo (p < 0.05, one-way repeated measures ANOVA with non-orthogonal contrasts). AUC data were logarithmically transformed for statistical analyses to normalize their distribution. Data are mean ± SEM.