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Plasma D-Glucose, D-Fructose and Insulin Responses after Oral Administration of D-Glucose, D-Fructose and Sucrose to Normal Rats

Fundacíon Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain (J.C., P.G.P., M.L.V., I.V.)
Laboratory of Experimental Hormonology, Brussels Free University, Brussels, Belgium (W.J.M.)

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Time course for the changes in plasma D-glucose (left panel) and insulin (right panel) concentrations after oral administration of D-glucose (6.9 µmol/g; closed circles and dashed line) or both D-glucose and D-fructose (3.5 µmol/g of each hexose; crosses and solid line). Control experiments are shown as open circles and solid line. Mean values (± SEM) refer to 3 (control experiments) or 4 (hexose administration) individual measurements. The incremental area under the plasma D-glucose and insulin curves averaged, after administration of D-glucose alone or together with D-fructose respectively, 413 ± 23 and 185 ± 39 mM · min and 12.31 ± 2.71 and 5.81 ± 1.21 nM · min (n = 4 in all cases).

View larger version (14K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Incremental area under the plasma D-glucose curve, after correction for the initial measurement, in rats receiving increasing amounts of D-glucose (µmol/g body wt.). Mean values (± SEM) refer to 3–4 individual measurements.

View larger version (14K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Upper panel: Assay of standard amounts of D-glucose, D-fructose or a mixture of the two hexoses by the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase procedure; mean values (± SEM) are derived from two separate experiments for each hexose or mixture of hexoses and normalized relative to the sum of the optical densities recorded with each of the three standard amounts of hexose(s) in each experiment. Lower panel: Time course for the changes in plasma D-fructose concentration after oral administration of D-fructose (6.9 µmol/g); mean values (± SEM) refer to 4 individual experiments.

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Regression lines for the changes in the area under the plasma insulin curve as a function of the changes in the area under the plasma D-glucose curve in rats receiving either increasing amounts of D-glucose (nil : open circles; 1.4 µmol/g : closed circles; 3.5 µmol/g : crosses; 6.9 µmol/g : open triangles; 13.9 µmol/L = closed triangles; left panel) or increasing amounts of both D-glucose and D-fructose (nil : open circles; 1.7 µmol/g of each hexose : open triangles; 3.5 µmol/g of each hexose : closed triangles; right panel).

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Time course for the changes in plasma D-glucose (left panel) and insulin (right panel) concentrations after oral administration of D-fructose (6.9 µmol/g; closed circles and dashed line) or sucrose (3.7 µmol/g; crosses and solid line). Control experiments are shown as open circles and solid line. Mean values (± SEM) refer to 3 (control experiments) or 4 (D-fructose or sucrose administration) individual measurements.

View larger version (16K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Regression line for the changes in the area under the plasma insulin curve as a function of the changes in the area under the plasma D-glucose curve in rats receiving either H2O (open circles), D-fructose (6.9 µmol/g; closed circles) or sucrose (3.7 µmol/g; crosses).